divorce-law

Chief Justice of the Bombay High Court finally maintained that one "year-long compulsory separation was essential" to aid reconciliation between the estranged couple. It is true, but less known fact that some of the best Marriage Counselors work in the Bandra Family Court. Marriage counseling, which is essential, but neither easily available nor used, is a boon for both the married partners.

THE TIMES OF INDIA

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grounds for charles stanley's divorce or
did taylor hanson and natalie get a divorce.
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  divorce hazards 1
• 
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One year compulsory waiting as per divorce law when there is mutual consent is felt to be too long. Can it be reduced to minimum period? Chief Justice of the Bombay High Court finally maintained that one "year-long compulsory separation was essential" to aid reconciliation between the estranged couple. It is true, but less known fact that some of the best Marriage Counselors work in the Bandra Family Court. Marriage counseling, which is essential, but neither easily available nor used, is a boon for both the married partners.

THE TIMES OF INDIA Publication: TOI_Mumbai; Date: Mar 28, 2008; Section: Times City; Page: 3

DIVORCE PROCEEDINGS

No relief on year-long separation clause
TIMES NEWS NETWORK

Mumbai:
For all those young couples or even those with jaded marriages who have irreconcilable differences and want to opt out have no reprieve from a compulsory yearlong separation before they can seek a mutual consent divorce under the Hindu Marriage Act.

The Bombay high court on Thursday dismissed a petition challenging the validity of the “arbitrary’’ precondition set out under the Hindu Marriage Act for couples filing jointly for a divorce. This is the first time that the legal requirement of a year’s separation had been challenged in court. A bench headed by Chief Justice Swatanter Kumar held that the year-long compulsory separation was essential in the interest of the “institution of marriage’’ and would serve to help in its aim of aiding any likely reconciliation between the estranged couple.

Mitesh (name changed), a young 26-year-old para-med had married a 25-year-old Neela (name changed) last April. Within a few months they realised their marriage was not made in heaven and that they wanted to split. They didn’t wait for a year, but filed a mutual consent divorce petition in the family court at Bandra last October under section 13B of the Hindu Marriage Act citing an irretrievable breakdown. The court, the same month, dismissed their petition saying it could not be entertained unless there was a year’s separation between the two as per law.

The couple’s lawyer Uday Warunjikar said the law on marriages had to be evolving with the times and ought to take into consideration the changes in the society. He noted that the Hindu Marriage Act was enacted in 1955 and two decades later in 1976 it was amended to allow for mutual consent divorces under section 13 (B). “The insistence on a year-long separation was virtually frustrating the amendment and is rendering the condition unreasonable. The separation could be one month or five years, why one year?’’ Marriage laws need to be interpreted according to the changing norms in the society and a couple can’t be forced to stay married once they have decided to go separate ways.
THE TIMES OF INDIA
Publication: TOI_Mumbai; Date: Mar 28, 2008; Section: Times City; Page: 3
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due-to-stress

Mind your Mind

Backache, Body aches and pains, especially when all pathology investigations are normal, can be HIGHLY FRUSTRATING. They persist despite all medications and sincere efforts of ALL doctors.
How does this happen? How common is it?
What is the ETIO-PATHOLOGY of these illnesses called as Psycho-somatic illnesses.

ANATOMY OF PSYCHO-SOMATIC DISORDERS is interesting and provides key to the BEST MEDICINE.

Fever, Diabetes mellitus, Hypertension, Overweight, Ischemic Heart disease, decreased libido, premenstrual syndrome i.e. PMS, Arthritis, Asthama, Acidity, recurrent infections are some more examples of psycho-somatic illnesses. They have their root in mismanagement of stress.

70 % to 80 % of all human illnesses are PSYCHO-SOMATIC. The Autonomic Nervous System translates Emotional Disturbances into Somatic Symptoms, i.e. Body ailments.

STRESS

EUSTRESS = Normal Healthy Useful

DISTRESS is not caused by
high stress, but is due to
IMPROPER REACTION to stress.

What is STRESS?

Adaptation required when there is CHANGE in situation.

Getting 1 st rank or winning a lottery and such other happy incidences or unexpected and excessive change though DESIRABLE is also stress just as UNDESIRABLE change is stress. Nasty boss, unruly subordinates, flirting spouse are known to generale UNPLEASANT feelings. Being sacked from job or failure in examination or other important task are examples of common, immediately recognized happenings that are believed to cause DISTRESS.

CAUSE - CONSEQUENCE

It is not the good or bad happenings that cause Emotional Disturbances, but improper REACTION to them that causes DISTRESS. If unresolved, one EXPRESSES (arguments, fights, SADNESS OR MADNESS -extreme rage) or SUPPRESSES or if the situation passes away it lies dormant and SENSITISES making you vulnerable when similar situation resurfaces.

This is the way we REACT to stress. This REACTION is unhealthy as it leads to DISTURBANCES, ---> DISORDERS, ---> DISEASES depending upon the severity and duration of Emotional Disturbances.

Thanks to Dr. Mahesh Parikh MD PhD

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due-to-stress

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premarital-extramarital-sex-risk

EX
tramarital including Premarital Sex - Risks

He has been in a relationship with this woman for the last 20 years. The accused admitted to having physical relations with at least 12 women for the last 27 years. The women, all married, belong to Mumbai

Risk of Blackmailing is well illustrated if you read this story published in
THE TIMES OF INDIA, Mumbai Edition
Date: 26/03/2008
Section: Times City
Page Number: 2
Click on Read More





Sex with someone who is not your lawfully married partner is extramarital sex.
(Prostitution/Rape excluded)

Sex before marriage is premarital sex.

Extra marital sex is usually with friend, known or trusted person.
(One night stand excluded.)
Sex before marriage or premarital sex (You may or may not marry that person)

Extramarital or premarital sex usually happens with someone who is trusted person and is either a relative, friend from college, office or neighborhood.
(Infidelity/Adultery/Betrayal/Extramarital Affair)

In this discussion sex as in prostitution or rape are excluded. It may be noted that majority of rapes occur between husband and wife if consent and willingness is taken as primary criteria.


62-year-old arrested for blackmailing housewife

244 Photos Of Nude Women Seized

Mateen Hafeez | TNN


Mumbai:
A 62-year-old man has been arrested by the Matunga police for blackmailing a 44-year-old housewife. The police said the accused had allegedly threatened to send the woman's nude photos to her inlaws if she discontinued her sexual relations with him.

The accused, Adi Ichhaporia, was arrested from his residence at Firdosi Road in Dadar Parsi Colony on Monday. Investigators seized 244 nude photographs of seven other women, photos of a group sex session, a video cassette, literature on sex etc from him. "Some photos in which Ichhaporia has posed nude with the women have also been seized,'' an officer said.

According to the police, the accused admitted to having physical relations with at least 12 women for the last 27 years. The women, all married, belong to Mumbai and had "agreed'' to get their nude photos clicked. "We have seized Ichhaporia's mobile phone that contains a clipping in which he is in a compromising position with a woman. As someone else was shooting them, we suspect the involvement of several other people in the case,''said DCP Sunil Ramanand.

Ichhaporia, now unemployed, was booked under Section 292 (keeping obscene literature) of the Indian Penal Code and may face a one-year rigorous imprisonment, if convicted. He will soon be booked under various sections of the Indecent Representation of Women's Act and has been sent to police custody till March 27.

Investigators said that they will examine Ichhaporia's locker at the Central Bank of India too as they suspect that "the accused had kept some objectionable documents in it''.

"The case came to light after one of the women complained that he has been blackmailing her for sexual favors and threatened to send nude photos to her in-laws if she discontinued the relationship. We reached at his residence with a search warrant and seized several photos of nude women. He has been in a relationship with this woman for the last 20 years,'' said inspector Avinash Shingte of the Matunga police. The woman, a mother of two, told the police that she does not want to continue the relationship.

Ichhaporia told TOI that he met these women at a club near Grant Road in the 1980s. "I was working in the sale and purchase department of the National Steel Equipment company and later joined Tata Mills. I would regularly visit the Grant Road club and met all the women there. Some of the women were willing to have an affair if it came with gifts and money,'' he said.

Ichhaporia said that he unable to have physical relations with his wife after she developed a medical problem following the birth of their daughter. Incidentally, the daughter got married recently. The police are looking into the possibility of Ichhaporia selling these photos to someone or posting them on some website.

Source:

Image Times of India
Reported by
Mateen Hafeez
Mateen Hafeez

THE TIMES OF INDIA, Mumbai Edition
Date: 26/03/2008
Section: Times City
Page Number: 2

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postpone-menses

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MEDROXYPROGESTERONE
is preferred today. 10 mg Modus ® (Glaxo - SmithKline)twice a day started at least 6 days before expected menses. Withdrawal bleeding occurs within 2 to 3 days of stopping the MEDROXYPROGESTERONE acetate You have the details here.

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Postponement of Menses with OVRAL - G ®
Norgestrel I.P. 500 µg

Ethinyl estradiol I.P. 50 µg.

For postponement of menses, one tablet should be taken daily starting with the 20th day i.e. eight days prior to expected date of menstruation. With this dosage, the menstrual period can be postponed to the 40th day i.e. about two weeks beyond the expected date. [1]

Withdrawal bleeding should usually occur within 3 days after the last tablet is taken.



The following is taken from the prescribing information of the makers of OVRAL - G ® for health care professionals.www.wyethindia.com
CONTRAINDICATIONS

Deep vein thrombosis (current or history)

Thromboembolism (current or history)

Cerebrovascular or coronary artery disease

Thrombogenic valvulopathies

Thrombogenic rhythm disorders

Diabetes with vascular involvement

Uncontrolled hypertension

Known or suspected carcinoma of the breast or other known or suspected estrogen dependent neoplasia

Hepatic adenomas or carcinomas, or active liver disease, as long as liver function has not returned to normal

Known or suspected pregnancy

Hypersensitivity to any of the components of Ethinyl estradiol I.P.50 µg and Norgestrel I.P. 500 µg. ("OVRAL G")

WARNINGS

Cigarette smoking

Cigarette smoking increases the risk of serious cardiovascular side effects from the use of Ethinyl estradiol I.P.50 µg and Norgestrel I.P. 500 µg. The risk increases with age and with heavy smoking (15 or more cigarettes per day) and is quite marked in women over 35 years of age. Women who use Ethinyl estradiol I.P.50 µg and Norgestrel I.P. 500 µg. should be strongly advised not to smoke..
Venous and arterial thrombosis and thromboembolism

Use of Ethinyl estradiol I.P.50 µg and Norgestrel I.P. 500 µg. is associated with an increased risk of venous and arterial thrombotic and thromboembolic events. Some epidemiological studies suggest that estrogen-progesterone combination with 50 µg or more of ethinylestradiol may be associated with a higher risk of such events than estrogen-progesterone combination with a lower dose of ethinylestradiol.

For any particular estrogen/progestin combination, the dosage regimen prescribed should be one which contains the least amount of estrogen and progestin that is compatible with a low failure rate and the needs of the individual patient. Minimizing exposure to estrogens & progestins is in keeping good principles of therapeutics.

Venous thrombosis and thromboembolism

Use of Ethinyl estradiol I.P.50 µg and Norgestrel I.P. 500 µg increases the risk of venous thrombotic and thromboembolic events.

Reported events include deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. For information on retinal vascular thrombosis.

The use of Ethinyl estradiol I.P.50 µg and Norgestrel I.P. 500 µg carries an increased risk of venous thrombotic and thromboembolic events compared with no use. The excess risk is highest during the first year a woman ever uses a combined oral contraceptive. This increased risk is less than the risk of venous thrombotic and thromboembolic events associated with pregnancy which is estimated as 60 cases per 100,000 woman-years. Venous thromboembolism is fatal in 1-2% of cases.

The risk of venous thrombotic and thromboembolic events is further increased in women with conditions predisposing for venous thrombosis and thromboembolism. Caution must be exercised when prescribing Ethinyl estradiol I.P.50 µg and Norgestrel I.P. 500 µg for such women.

Examples of predisposing conditions for venous thrombosis and thromboembolism are:

· certain inherited or acquired thrombophilias (the presence of an inherited thrombophilia may be indicated by a family history of venous thrombotic/thromboembolic events)

· obesity

· surgery or trauma with increased risk of thrombosis

· recent delivery or second-trimester abortion

· prolonged immobilization

· increasing age

If feasible, Ethinyl estradiol I.P.50 µg and Norgestrel I.P. 500 µg (Ovral-G) should be discontinued:

· for four weeks prior to and for two weeks after elective surgery with increased risk of thrombosis, and

· during prolonged immobilization.

· Since the immediate post-partum period is associated with an increased risk of thromboembolism,

· Ethinyl estradiol I.P.50 µg and Norgestrel I.P. 500 µg should be started no earlier than day 28 after delivery or second-trimester abortion.

Arterial thrombosis and thromboembolism

The use of Ethinyl estradiol I.P.50 µg and Norgestrel I.P. 500 µg increases the risk of arterial thrombotic and thromboembolic events.

Reported events include myocardial infarction and cerebrovascular events (ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke).

The risk of arterial thrombotic and thromboembolic events is further increased in women with underlying risk factors.

Caution must be exercised when prescribing Ethinyl estradiol I.P.50 µg and Norgestrel I.P. 500 µg for women with risk factors for arterial thrombotic and thromboembolic events.

Examples of risk factors for arterial thrombotic and thromboembolic events are:

· smoking

· certain inherited and acquired thrombophilias

· hypertension

· hyperlipidemias

· obesity

· increasing age

Ethinyl estradiol I.P.50 µg and Norgestrel I.P. 500 µg users with migraine (particularly migraine with aura) may be at increased risk of stroke.
Ocular Lesions

With use of Ethinyl estradiol I.P.50 µg and Norgestrel I.P. 500 µg, there have been reports of retinal vascular thrombosis, which may lead to partial or complete loss of vision. If there are signs or symptoms such as visual changes, onset of proptosis or diplopia, papilledema, or retinal vascular lesions, Ethinyl estradiol I.P.50 µg and Norgestrel I.P. 500 µg should be discontinued and the cause immediately evaluated.

Carcinoma of the reproductive organs

Some studies suggest that Ethinyl estradiol I.P.50 µg and Norgestrel I.P. 500 µg use may be associated with an increase in the risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia or invasive cervical cancer in some populations of women.

However, there continues to be controversy about the extent to which such findings may be due to differences in sexual behavior and other factors. In cases of undiagnosed abnormal genital bleeding, adequate diagnostic measures are indicated.

A meta-analysis from 54 epidemiological studies reported that there is a slightly increased relative risk (RR = 1.24) of having breast cancer diagnosed in women who are using Ethinyl estradiol I.P.50 µg and Norgestrel I.P. 500 µg compared to never users.

The increased risk gradually disappears during the course of the 10 years after cessation of Ethinyl estradiol I.P.50 µg and Norgestrel I.P. 500 µg use. These studies do not provide evidence for causation. The observed pattern of increased risk of breast cancer diagnosis may be due to earlier detection of breast cancer in Ethinyl estradiol I.P.50 µg and Norgestrel I.P. 500 µg users (due to more regular clinical monitoring), the biological effects of Ethinyl estradiol I.P.50 µg and Norgestrel I.P. 500 µg, or a combination of both. Because breast cancer is rare in women under 40 years of age, the excess number of breast cancer diagnoses in current and recent Ethinyl estradiol I.P.50 µg and Norgestrel I.P. 500 µg users is small in relation to the lifetime risk of breast cancer. Breast cancers diagnosed in ever-users tend to be less advanced clinically than the cancers diagnosed in never-users.

Hepatic neoplasia/ Liver disease

In very rare cases hepatic adenomas, and in extremely rare cases, hepatocellular carcinoma may be associated with Ethinyl estradiol I.P.50 µg and Norgestrel I.P. 500 µg ("Ovral-G") use. The risk appears to increase with duration of Ethinyl estradiol I.P.50 µg and Norgestrel I.P. 500 µg use. Rupture of hepatic adenomas may cause death through intra-abdominal hemorrhage.

Women with a history of Ethinyl estradiol I.P.50 µg and Norgestrel I.P. 500 µg -related cholestasis or women with cholestasis during pregnancy are more likely to have this condition with Ethinyl estradiol I.P.50 µg and Norgestrel I.P. 500 µg use. If these patients receive Ethinyl estradiol I.P.50 µg and Norgestrel I.P. 500 µg they should be carefully monitored and, if the condition recurs, Ethinyl estradiol I.P.50 µg and Norgestrel I.P. 500 µg should be discontinued.


Blood Pressure

Increases in blood pressure have been reported in women taking Ethinyl estradiol I.P.50 µg and Norgestrel I.P. 500 µg. In women with hypertension, a history of hypertension or hypertension related diseases (including certain renal diseases), another drug may be preferable. If Ethinyl estradiol I.P.50 µg and Norgestrel I.P. 500 µg are used in such cases, close monitoring is recommended and, if a significant increase in blood pressure occurs,Ethinyl estradiol I.P.50 µg and Norgestrel I.P. 500 µg should be discontinued.

Ethinyl estradiol I.P.50 µg and Norgestrel I.P. 500 µg use is contraindicated in women with uncontrolled hypertension.

Headache

The onset or exacerbation of migraine or development of headache of a new pattern, which is recurrent, persistent, or severe, requires discontinuation of the drug and evaluation of the cause.

PRECAUTIONS

Medical examinations

A complete personal and family medical history and physical examination, including blood pressure, should be taken prior to the initiation of Ethinyl estradiol I.P.50 µg and Norgestrel I.P. 500 µg use.

Such medical examinations should be repeated periodically during the use of Ethinyl estradiol I.P.50 µg and Norgestrel I.P. 500 µg.

Carbohydrate and lipid effects

Glucose intolerance has been reported in Ethinyl estradiol I.P.50 µg and Norgestrel I.P. 500 µg users. Women with impaired glucose tolerance or diabetes mellitus who use Ethinyl estradiol I.P.50 µg and Norgestrel I.P. 500 µg should be carefully monitored.

Persistent hypertriglyceridemia may occur in a small proportion of Ethinyl estradiol I.P.50 µg and Norgestrel I.P. 500 µg users.

In patients with elevated triglycerides, estrogen-containing preparations may be associated with rare but large elevations of plasma triglycerides which may lead to pancreatitis.

Women who are being treated for hyperlipidemias should be followed closely if they elect to use Ethinyl estradiol I.P.50 µg and Norgestrel I.P. 500 µg.

Depression

Women with a history of depression who use Ethinyl estradiol I.P.50 µg and Norgestrel I.P. 500 µg should be carefully observed and the drug discontinued if depression recurs to a serious degree. Patients becoming significantly depressed while taking Ethinyl estradiol I.P.50 µg and Norgestrel I.P. 500 µg should stop the medication and use an alternate drug in an attempt to determine whether the symptom is drug-related.
Other

Patients should be counseled that this product does not protect against HIV infection (AIDS) or other sexually transmitted diseases.

Diarrhea and/or vomiting may reduce hormone absorption resulting in decreased serum concentrations.

PREGNANCY

Extensive epidemiological studies have revealed no increased risk of birth defects in children born to women who used Ethinyl estradiol I.P.50 µg and Norgestrel I.P. 500 µg prior to pregnancy.

Studies do not suggest a teratogenic effect; particularly insofar as cardiac anomalies and limb-reduction defects are concerned, when taken inadvertently during early pregnancy.
Important Disclaimer:
The drug information provided here is for educational purposes only. It is intended to supplement, not substitute for, the diagnosis, treatment and advice of a medical professional. This drug information does not cover all possible uses, precautions, side effects and interactions. It should not be construed to indicate that this or any drug is safe for you. Consult your medical professional for guidance before using any prescription or over the counter drugs.

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See POSTPONEMENT OF MENSES WITH THE MEDICINE OF CHOICE
MEDROXYPROGESTERONE

---

Source for
Ethinyl estradiol I.P.50 µg and Norgestrel I.P. 500 µg, OVRAL - G ®

Courtesy:
www.wyethindia.com[1]

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testosterone-treatment

Do I need to take testosterone?


USES
Who requires testosterone?
1. Women with advanced disseminated (last stage) breast cancer are treated with the most common testosterone-like drugs fluoxymesterone (Halotestin®) and methyltestosterone (Testred®).
2. In hormone-responsive tumors to reduce the tumor size.
3. Men and women with AIDS with wasting (weight loss without a clear cause) show remarkable improvement, increase in muscle mass, better immune response and feeling of well being when given testosterone treatment if testosterone levels are found to be below normal. [3]
Recent research has also indicated that at least half of all men living with AIDS suffer from hypogonadism, and that as many as 33 to 66% of women also have lower than normal testosterone values.

ABUSE
SPORTS ANTI DOPING TEST
Testosterone is banned from use in athletes by the US and the International Olympic Committees and other athletic organizations.
Testosterone and related drugs are in the 2005 Prohibited List of the World Anti-Doping Code.
Testosterone is usually excreted in the same amounts as epitestosterone. Consequently, the ratio of testosterone to epitestosterone in the urine (the T/E ratio) is used by anti-doping agencies as an indicator of testosterone misuse. According to the 2005 World Anti-Doping Code, if a 'laboratory has reported the presence of a T/E ratio of greater than four (4) to one (1) in the urine, further investigation is obligatory
SIDE EFFECTS
The most serious side effect of these drugs is hypercalcemia, a condition in which too much calcium circulates in the blood. This occurs because these drugs liberate calcium from bones. Calcium levels are monitored regularly, and the drug is discontinued if hypercalcemia occurs. Another serious (but less common) side effect is the development of tumors in the liver. Other side effects include deepening of the voice, development of facial hair and acne, fluid retention, and nausea.
—Tish Davidson, A.M.

REMEMBER
Side effects that you should report to your prescriber or health care professional as soon as possible:
• anxiety, depression
• breast tenderness or enlargement
• breathing problems
• black, tarry stools or light-colored stools
• dark yellow or brown urine
• erection lasting longer than 4 hours
• frequent erections
• frequent or difficult passing of urine
• nausea, vomiting
• skin rash and itching (hives)
• stomach pain
• unusual bleeding
• unusual swelling
• weight gain
• yellowing of the eyes or skin

Side effects that usually do not require medical attention (report to your prescriber or health care professional if they continue or are bothersome):
• acne
• change in taste or an unusual taste in your mouth
• gum infection or inflammation (gingivitis)
• headache
• redness, irritation, swelling and pain at the system application site
• sexual difficulties; changes in sexual desire


DRUG BRAND NAME
METHOD OF ADMINSITRATION

Brand names:
Andro-L.A.®, Androderm®, AndroGel®, Depandrate™, Depo-Testosterone®, First®-Testosterone, First®-Testosterone MC, Striant™, Testa Span™, Testerone™, Testim™, Testoderm®, Testone CYP 200, Tostrelle™, Tostrex™, Virilon® Injection

# sub-'Q' pellet
# Testosterone buccal system (below)
# Testosterone skin patches
# Testosterone skin gel - transdermal (cream, gel, or patch),
# Testosterone injection - Intramuscular injection

Testosterone must first be converted to 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) before it is active.

— Saffron A. Whitehead

WHAT IS TESTOSTERONE BUCCAL SYSTEM
TESTOSTERONE (Striant™) is a naturally occurring male hormone. Testosterone is essential for maintaining normal male functions such as male sexual development, including the sex organs, increases in muscle mass, facial hair, and deep voice. Testosterone replaces natural hormone in men with low testosterone production, underdeveloped testes, and/or impotence.

Source:
www.thebody.com [4]
Jon Kaiser, M.D., author of Healing HIV
Current information on the availability and location of clinical trials can be found at the following web sites:

* National Cancer Institute. (800) 4-CANCER or .
* National Institutes of Health Clinical Trials. .
* Center Watch: A Clinical Trials Listing. .

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testosterone-facts-research

The STORY of TESTOSTERONE is fascinating.

HISTORY

The Organon group in the Netherlands were the first to isolate the hormone, identified in a May 1935 paper "On Crystalline Male Hormone from Testicles (Testosterone)" by Karoly Gyula David, E. Dingemanse, J. Freud and Ernst Laqueur. They named the hormone testosterone, from the stems of testicle and sterol, and the suffix of ketone. The structure was worked out by Schering's Adolf Butenandt (1903–1995).

DID YOU KNOW
Research on the action of testosterone received a brief boost in 1889, when the Harvard professor Charles-Edouard Brown-Séquard (1817–1894), then in Paris, self-injected subcutaneously a "rejuvenating elixir" consisting of an extract of dog and guinea pig testicle. He reported in The Lancet that his vigor and feeling of wellbeing were markedly restored but, predictably, the effects were transient (and likely based on placebo), and Brown-Séquard's hopes for the compound were dashed. Suffering the ridicule of his colleagues, his work on the mechanisms and effects of androgens in human beings was abandoned by Brown-Séquard and succeeding generations of biochemists for nearly 40 years.

Pharmaceutical Giants at work were—
1. Schering (Berlin, Germany),
2. Organon (Oss, Netherlands)
3. and Ciba (Basel, Switzerland)

ARTIFICIALLY MADE - CHEMICAL SYNTHESIS
The chemical synthesis of testosterone was achieved in August that year, when Butenandt and G. Hanisch published a paper describing "A Method for Preparing Testosterone from Cholesterol." Only a week later, the Ciba group in Zurich, Leopold Ruzicka (1887–1976) and A. Wettstein, announced a patent application in a paper "On the Artificial Preparation of the Testicular Hormone Testosterone (Androsten-3-one-17-ol)." These independent partial syntheses of testosterone from a cholesterol base earned both Butenandt and Ruzicka the joint 1939 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Testosterone was identified as 17β-hydroxandrost-4-en-3-one (C19H28O2), a solid polycyclic alcohol with a hydroxyl group at the 17th carbon atom. This also made it obvious that additional modifications on the synthesized testosterone could be made, i.e., esterification and alkylation.

THE GOLDEN AGE OF STEROID CHEMISTRY (1930 - 1950)
The period of the early 1930's to the 1950's has been called "The Golden Age of Steroid Chemistry", and work during this period progressed quickly. Research in this golden age proved that this newly synthesized compound — testosterone — or rather family of compounds (for many derivatives were developed in the 1940's, 50's and 60's), was a potent multiplier of muscle, strength, and wellbeing.

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how-to-stay-young

This quote of Mark Twain fascinates me.

When I was a boy of fourteen, my father was so ignorant I could hardly stand to have the old man around. But when I got to be twenty-one, I was astonished at how much the old man had learned in seven years.

"HOW TO STAY YOUNG," that follows is more interesting.
Have Fun.

George Carlin's Views on Aging

Do you realize that the only time in our lives when we like to get old
is when we're kids? If you're less than 10 years old, you're so
excited about aging that you think in fractions.

Nurture Hobbies. Cherish Friends. Read Jokes.
Tell the people you love that you love them, at every
opportunity. Do not take life seriously. No one got out of it alive.

'How old are you?' 'I'm four and a half!' You're never thirty-six and
a half. You're four and a half, going on five! That's the key

You get into your teens, now they can't hold you back. You jump to the
next number, or even a few ahead.

'How old are you?' 'I'm gonna be 16!' You could be 13, but hey, you're
gonna be 16! And then the greatest day of your life ! You become 21.
Even the words sound like a ceremony. YOU BECOME 21. YESSSS!!!

But then you turn 30. Oooohh, what happened there? Makes you sound
like bad milk! He TURNED; we had to throw him out. There's no fun now,
you're Just a sour-dumpling. What's wrong? What's changed?

You BECOME 21, you TURN 30, then you're PUSHING 40. Whoa! Put on the
brakes, it's all slipping away. Before you know it, you REACH 50 and
your dreams are gone.

But wait!!! You MAKE it to 60. You didn't think you would!

So you BECOME 21, TURN 30, PUSH 40, REACH 50 and MAKE it to 60.

You've built up so much speed that you HIT 70! After that it's a
day-by-day thing; you HIT Wednesday!

You get into your 80's and every day is a complete cycle; you HIT
lunch; you TURN 4:30; you REACH bedtime. And it doesn't end there.
Into the 90s, you start going backwards; 'I Was JUST 92.'

Then a strange thing happens. If you make it over 100, you become a
little kid again. 'I'm 100 and a half!'

May you all make it to a healthy 100 and a half!!

HOW TO STAY YOUNG
1. Throw out nonessential numbers. This includes age, weight and
height. Let the doctors worry about them. That is why you pay 'them.'


2. Keep only cheerful friends. The grouches pull you down.

3. Keep learning. Learn more about the computer, crafts, gardening,
whatever. Never let the brain idle. 'An idle mind is the devil's
workshop.' And the devil's name is Alzheimer's.

4. Enjoy the simple things.

5. Laugh often, long and loud. Laugh until you gasp for breath.

6. The tears happen. Endure, grieve, and move on. The only person,
who is with us our entire life, is ourselves. Be ALIVE while you are
alive.

7. Surround yourself with what you love , whether it's family, pets,
keepsakes, music, plants, hobbies, whatever. Your home is your
refuge.

8. Cherish your health: If it is good, preserve it. If it is
unstable, improve it. If it is beyond what you can improve, get help.


9. Don't take guilt trips. Take a trip to the mall, even to the next
county; to a foreign country but NOT to where the guilt is.

10. Tell the people you love that you love them, at every
opportunity.

AND ALWAYS REMEMBER :
Life is not measured by the number of breaths we take, but by the
moments that take our breath away .

Tips by George Carlin on How to stay young.
Specially contributed by Mrs. Manisha Deole.

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male-sex-hormone-testosterone

Is SHE depressed? Is her sex drive reduced?

Does HE have nervousness, depression, impaired memory, inability to concentrate, fatigue, insomnia, hot flushes, sweating, decreased libido? It could be because of low testosterone level as in 'midlife crisis' or 'climacteric' or 'male menopause' [1]or andropause. There is dramatic improvement on giving testosterone provided the above is due to lowered testosterone levels in the body. [Heller and Myers]

Less known FACT

The male sex hormone, testosterone, is normally produced in women, too, in the adrenal cortex and ovaries as well as placenta. It is responsible for her sexual desires and prevents depression and low energy level.

O! boy.
The boy blossoms to become a fertile man due to the flow of testosterone in blood.

On average, an adult human male body produces about eight to ten times more testosterone than an adult female body.

Do I require testosterone?
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WHAT IS TESTOSTERONE?
Testosterone is a steroid hormone, C19H28O2,responsible for the development and maintenance of male secondary sex characteristics. It belongs to the group 'androgens'. It can be synthesized from 'cholesterol'.

EFFECTS
key roles in health and well-being. Examples include enhanced libido, energy, immune function, and protection against osteoporosis.

WHAT DOES TESTOSTERONE DO?

Testosterone is the principal male sex hormone and an anabolic steroid. In both males and females, it plays key roles in health and well-being. Examples include enhanced libido, energy, immune function, and protection against osteoporosis.

In general, androgens promote protein synthesis and growth of those tissues with androgen receptors. Testosterone effects can be classified as virilizing and anabolic effects, although the distinction is somewhat artificial, as many of the effects can be considered both.

* Anabolic effects include growth of muscle mass and strength, increased bone density and strength, and stimulation of linear growth and bone maturation.
* Virilizing effects include maturation of the sex organs, particularly the penis and the formation of the scrotum in unborn children, and after birth (usually at puberty) a deepening of the voice, growth of the beard and axillary hair. Many of these fall into the category of male secondary sex characteristics.

Adult testosterone effects are more clearly demonstrable in males than in females, but are likely important to both sexes. Some of these effects may decline as testosterone levels decline in the later decades of adult life.

* Maintenance of muscle mass and strength
* Maintenance of bone density and strength
* Libido and clitoral engorgement/penile erection frequency.
* Mental and physical energy
As testosterone affects the entire body (often by enlarging; men have bigger hearts, lungs, liver, etc.), the brain is also affected by this "sexual" advancement; the enzyme aromatase converts testosterone into estradiol that is responsible for masculinization of the brain in a male fetus.

EFFECTS OF HIGH DOSES OF TESTOSTERONE
Animal models of the effects of supraphysiological doses of testosterone suggest that it alters aggression, sexual behaviors, anxiety, reward, and learning and the neurotransmitter systems and brain areas that underlie these behaviors. A number of studies and reviews have linked testosterone use in humans to significant psychiatric disturbances including depression, psychosis, and aggression.

LATEST RESEARCH
Researchers of the University of Rome concluded in 2007 that testosterone only amplifies neuronal death at very high concentrations (10 muM or above), whereas testosterone was protective at low concentrations (10 nM or below) and inactive at intermediate concentrations.

Differences in
MALE AND FEMALE

There are some differences in a male and female brain (the result of different testosterone levels); a clear difference is the size, the male human brain is on average larger, however in females (who do not use testosterone as much) the corpus callosum is proportionally larger. This means that the effect of testosterone is a greater overall brain volume, but a decreased connection between the hemispheres.

Early infancy androgen effects

INTERESTING PUZZLE - TESTOSTERONE AND INFANT BRAIN
Early infancy androgen effects are the least understood. In the first weeks of life for male infants, testosterone levels rise. The levels remain in a pubertal range for a few months, but usually reach the barely detectable levels of childhood by 4-6 months of age. The function of this rise in humans is unknown. It has been speculated that "brain masculinization" is occurring since no significant changes have been identified in other parts of the body.
NORMAL LEVELS
Optimal range is [3]
500 to 1000 ng./dl. of total testosterone for men, and
50 to 100 ng./dl. of total testosterone levels for women.
Normal level vary with labs.
Thus, values ranging from the low 200s to over 1200 ng./dl. considered normal for men and from 15 to 70 ng./dl. considered normal for women.

On average, an adult human male body produces about eight to ten times more testosterone than an adult female body.

INSURANCE
Insurance covers testosterone level blood check up.[4]

EFFECT OF EXERCISE ON PRODUCTION OF TESTOSTERONE
This secretion increases after exercise but decreases with over training. Rapid weight loss may also lead to lower testosterone levels.

NATURAL PRODUCTION IN BODY

Like other steroid hormones, testosterone is derived from cholesterol. The largest amounts of testosterone are produced by the testes in men. It is also synthesized in far smaller quantities in women by the thecal cells of the ovaries, by the placenta, as well as by the zona reticularis of the adrenal cortex in both sexes.

Testosterone is synthesized in the testis in male. Testosterone is also synthesized in small quantities in the ovaries, cortices of the adrenal glands, and placenta, usually from cholesterol.

In the testes, testosterone is produced by the Leydig cells. The male generative glands also contain Sertoli cells which require testosterone for spermatogenesis. Like most hormones, testosterone is supplied to target tissues in the blood where much of it is transported bound to a specific plasma protein, sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG).

TESTOSTERONE IN THE HUMAN BODY
"Testosterone within the circulation is principally bound to proteins, the most important of which is sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG). Only about 2 percent of testosterone is unbound (bio-available) and therefore free to enter cells in order to effect its biological actions by binding to androgen receptors...." "Hypotestosteronaemia levels [that is, low levels] quoted in papers vary between around 300 ng/dl (10.4 nmol/L) and 400 ng/dl (13.9 nmol/L)."

HYPOGONADISM - WHAT IS A LOW LEVEL OF TESTOSTERONE? www.wellmanclinic.org/paper2.htm

"Bioavailable testosterone refers to the 'free' portion of the hormone unbound to carrier proteins which is able to act directly upon target tissues." Sexual Dysfunction and Male Hormones http://www.gsdl.com/assessments/finddisease/sex/male_hormones.html

"The ideal therapy should consist of creating physiologic testosterone concentrations (400 to 700 ng/dL in blood taken in the morning) and restoring circadian variations." Hormone Replacement Therapy for Aging Men http://www.urologytreatment.com/article21.htm

"Of great interest is a recent finding that men with coronary artery disease have significantly lower levels of plasma testosterone than controls and that intracoronarv testosterone infusion in men with coronary artery disease increases coronary blood flow. Such findings suggest that age related declines in testosterone in men may be associated with heart disease ...." http://www.wellmanclinic.org/paper2.htm

www.answers.com
[1]What is andropause?
Andropause popular as 'male menopause' is an incorrect word because there are no menses in men nor is there reduction of sex hormones as dramatic as in women during menopause. the book Male Menopause, written by Jed Diamond[1]. It should be noted that Diamond is neither an MD nor a PhD.
www.thebody.com [3]
Jon Kaiser, M.D., [3]author of Healing HIV

Sources
Wikepedia.com
Answer.com

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important-warning-for-girl-before-marriage

Girls parents often hasten for marriage (or engagement)once they are convinced that a GOOD match is found for their daughter. Please, check the information provided by the boy thoroughly. This appears a trivial warning, but the story below should be an eye opener.

Does he really work in the stated post? (His pay slip)
Does he have loans?
Neighbors do not volunteer information unless you (or mediator) asks them about the 'boy'.

Conman arrested for taking wife for a ride
TIMES NEWS NETWORK

Mumbai:


He appeared to be a successful lawyer and the perfect bridegroom. It was only months after the wedding that Sudhir Surve’s true identity emerged—that of a conman and a polygamist.



Surve (40) is currently in the Oshiwara police’s custody. He has married thrice and his second wife, a 27-year-old beautician, has accused him of cheating her of Rs 14.5 lakh. The police suspect that he duped all the women he married.
Surve’s father is a former Mhada official and his mother was a schoolteacher. Surve is an Arts graduate.



According to the police, beautician Sumita (name changed) had issued a matrimonial advertisement in a national daily in January 2007. Surve responded to the ad and visited Sumita’s Jogeshwari house. He posed as a lawyer and boasted of cases in the Supreme Court, which required him to travel to Delhi often. He also made false claims of owning a 5-acre plot at Thane, where he intended to build 50 bungalows for sale.
“Surve gained Sumita’s confidence by inviting her to his home at Sai Aishwarya building in Kandivli (E). His parents live in the same house but they were away that day. On May 14, 2007, the couple got married according to Hindu rituals and in the presence of few of Surve’s friends. But Surve did not get the marriage registered,’’ said senior inspector Kiran Sonone.



For a few months after the marriage, all was well. Surve then told Sumita that he had bought a new flat in Malad (W) for Rs 50 lakh after selling the Kandivli (E) home. He, however, was falling short of money. He forced Sumita to sell a flat that belonged to her and part with Rs 14.5 lakh.



Later, Surve stopped contacting Sumita. Whenever she called him, she was made to believe that he was not in town.



Sumita then decided to visit some neighbours in the Kandivli building. She then learnt that Surve’s parents continued to live in the house and that the accused had remarried in August. Surve had also been married to a woman from Kolhapur before being introduced to Sumita’s family; he claimed to have obtained a divorce from her.
After Sumita lodged a complaint with the Oshiwara police, they trapped Surve on Saturday. A sum of Rs 11 lakh was recovered from him.



Surve was booked on charges of cheating and produced before a local court, which remanded him in police custody till March 18.
Source of Image:
TIMES OF INDIA, police in action as
LUCK RUNS OUT for Sudhir Surve, who posed as a lawyer before marrying his second wife. The police suspect that he cheated his other wives too
Source:
TIMES OF INDIA
March 18, 2008

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infidelity-romance-slides

Wait for the SLIDE [pun intended] SHOW



Infidelity Slide Show

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transgender-help

Transgendered people need support and correct guidance.
Here are some useful resources on the internet.

TRANSGENDER CARE PROVIDERS ONLINE
http://www.transgender.org/


Who are we?
We are an Irish transgender support, resource and social group operating on a non-profit, voluntary basis since our founding in 1999. We mainly provide information via our web site and support via email for
Transgender (TG), Transvestite (TV), Transsexual (TS) and Cross Dressing (CD) people in Ireland.

Partners, Wives and Significant Others
We have a special section here on our web site for the wives, partners and friends of transgendered people. There is a brand new page this month (June 2006) in which TV Martha and wife Kate talk about their own personal experiences.
transgender.org




Medical/Psychological/Legal

The Harry Benjamin Standards of Care

The World Professional Association For Transgender Health, Inc. Formerly Known AS HBIGDA

The Transsexual Phenomenon by Harry Benjamin, M.D.
---------
HELP FOR GLBT COMMUNITY
http://www.ren.org/
-----------
transgendercare.com
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What is Gender and Who is Transgendered?
Gender is more complex than the expression of maleness or femaleness.
The complex journey towards one's own personal gender expression is
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What is Transition?
Gender Expressions helps separate fact from myth, addressing key questions
regarding transition: What is transition?, Is transition for me? How and where do I find help in my transition?
Treatment Necessities TransLog
TransLog provides a database application for recording body measurements and
medications as a freeware Windows application for our online visitors. Also included with TransLog is a utility (PillCount) for calculating when one's medication supply will end. Treatment Necessities
While treatment methods are discussed in detail elsewhere, it is important to
emphasize certain key factors when seeking an electrologist.

This list describes the basic requirements for safe, permanent hair removal.
Safe and Permanent Hair Removal
The Hair System
Understanding the hair system will help you to better evaluate differing permanent hair removal methods.
Electrolysis Methods
An overview of the three methods used in electrolysis: Galvanic, Thermolysis, and Blend.
Hormone Treatment Guide
Our online resource to hormonal and related medical therapies. Shows hormonal drug regimens that are used in treatment.

Headlines
Catch the latest headlines from around the world for transgender and transsexual. Updated daily and archived.
•TransGenderCare Headlines

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Here's a listing of T* books with snippets of readers' reviews — without the hassle of doing searches:
Book Reviews
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